Difference between revisions of "Idelette de Bure"
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Revision as of 19:57, 31 March 2011
Idelette de Bure | ||
Spouses | Jean Calvin | |
---|---|---|
Also known as | Odilette de Bure | |
Biography | ||
Birth date | After 1500 | |
Death | 1549 | |
Biographical entries in old dictionaries |
Contents
Entry by Yves Krumenacker, 2007
Idelette de Bure was probably born into a rich Anabaptist family living in Liège. Nothing is known of her before her marriage to Jean Stordeur, who was also from LIège. The couple, ‘tainted with heresy’, had to leave the diocese around 1532-1532 along with other members of the Bure family, whose belongings were confiscated. It is likely that the couple went through Geneva in March 1537, where they met John Calvin, before finding refuge in Strasburg where they could ‘live according to the Gospel’. There, they joined the French church, run by Martin Buccer, and had two children. From 1539, the Stordeurs attended Calvin’s sermons and welcomed the reformer, who had been chased out of Geneva, into their home. After Jean Stordeur's death from the plague, Idelette married Calvin in August 1540. For the reformer, it was certainly a marriage of convenience: Calvin, advised by Bucer, wished to distance himself from the old clergy; however he always told himself that he was happy with his choice. A few months later, Calvin was recalled to Geneva, where the couple settled in September 1541, leaving Idelette's first two children in Strasbourg. A son was born to the new couple in 1542, but he died soon after. Two other children would also die young. Idelette supported her husband in his work reforming the city of Geneva. Calvin declared that he had found, in her, ‘a helper in his own image’. She taught catechism and the psalms to young girls. She died on the 29th of March 1549, at probably only forty or so years of age.
The pastor Marc-François Gonin wrote a fictitious biography of Idelette, who otherwise seems to have only been remembered for her famous husband, in 1990.
(Translated by Elizabeth L’Estrange)
Selected bibliography
Bainton, Roland, Women of the Reformation in England and France, Boston (MA), Beacon Press, 1974.Donneau,
Olivier, «L'anabaptisme au Pays de Liège (1533-1593)», Annuaire d'Histoire liégeoise, t.32, 2003, p.5-38.
Halkin, Léon-Ernest, «Protestants des Pays-Bas et de la Principauté de Liège réfugiés à Strasbourg», dans Strasbourg au coeur religieux du XVIe siècle. Hommage à Lucien Febvre, Strasbourg, Librairie Istra, 1977, p.297-307.
Weiss, Nathanaël, «Un portrait de la femme de Calvin», Bulletin de la Société d'histoire du protestantisme français, t.57, 1907, p.222-233.
Wolff, Christian, «Nouvelles glanes sur la famille d'Idelette Calvin à Strasbourg», Bulletin de la Société d'histoire du protestantisme français, t.137, 1991, p.611-612.
Selected bibliography of images
15** : Anonyme, Portrait d'Idelette de Bure, Douai, Musée (détruit en 1940); connu par une copie de Xavier Wurth, 1re moitié du XXe s., huile sur bois, 36 x 27 cm, Liège, Musée de l'art wallon -- Bulletin de la Société d'histoire..., voir supra, Choix bibliographique, p.222; Institut royal du Patrimoine artistique.
Reception
- «proba, honeste, adde etiam formosa» [probe, honnête, je dirais même belle] («Lettre de Guillaume Farel à Fabri, 28 août 1540», dans Joannis Calvini opera sunt quae supersunt omnia, éd. G. Baum, E. Cunitz et E. Reuss, Corpus reformatorum, vol.11,Thesauri epistolici calviani, t.2, Epistolae ad annos 1540-1544, Brunsvig, C.A. Schwetschke, 1873, col.78)
- «optima socio vitae [...] fida ministri mei adjutrix» (une excellente compagne de vie et une assistante de confiance pour mon ministère). («Lettre de Jean Calvin à Pierre Viret, 7 avril 1549», dansJoannis Calvini opera... voir supra, Corpus reformatorum, vol.13, Thesauri epistolici calviani, t.4, Epistolae ad annos 1548-1550, 1875, col.230)
- «Il y eut aussi de ce nombre [d'anabaptistes] un nommé Jean Stordeur natif du Liège, lequel est décédé de la peste à Strasbourg; quelque temps après [Calvin] print sa vefve à femme, nommée Odilette ou Idelette de Bure, femme grave et honneste, (ce qu'il fit par le moyen et conseil de M. Bucer) et avec icelle a tousjours vescu paisiblement, jusqu'à ce que nostre Seigneur la retira à soy sans aucuns enfans, car combien qu'elle eut un fils de luy, il mourut incontinent.» (Théodore de Bèze et Nicolas Colladon, «Vie de Jean Calvin» [1563], dans Joannis Calvini opera... voir supra, vol.21, Corpus reformatorum, vol.49, Thesauri epistolici Calviniani, t.12, 1879, col.62)
- «Nous savons très peu de choses d'Idelette de Bure. [...] De trois ans au moins l'aînée du grand homme, elle sera de 1540 à 1549 jusqu'à sa mort, [...] l'épouse discrète, dévouée, intelligente. Sa mort, la correspondance le prouve, a été pour Calvin une terrible épreuve. Veuf à 40 ans, sans enfant ayant survécu, Calvin restera fidèle au souvenir d'Idelette. Elle ne sera pas remplacée.» (Pierre Chaunu, «Préface», dans Marc-François Gonin, Moi, Idelette de Bure, épouse Calvin. Mémoires imaginaires,Genève, Slatkine, 1990, p.12)